If an experiment shows a strong effect size, what implication does this have for the study's power?

When an experiment demonstrates a strong effect size, it indicates a significant and noticeable difference or relationship in the data being analyzed. A strong effect size enhances the ability of the study to detect true effects, assuming other factors remain constant. This heightened sensitivity to detect differences or correlations translates into increased statistical power.

Statistical power refers to the probability that a statistical test will correctly reject a false null hypothesis; in other words, it is the likelihood that a study will identify an effect when there truly is one. With a strong effect size, the chances of observing a statistically significant result also increase, thereby improving the study's power. When researchers design experiments, they aim for higher power to minimize the risk of Type II errors, which occur when a study fails to detect an effect that is present.

As a result, a strong effect size correlates directly with higher power in a study, making it more capable of yielding meaningful insights about the population being analyzed.